Apparatus for waving hair



Jan. 18 1927.

C. G. NESSLER APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 22

NVENTOR 77% TToRN Y' C. G. NESSLER APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR J gn.

Filed sept. 22, 41922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Jan. 18, 1927. C. G. NESSLER APPARATUS FOR wAvING HAIR 5 sheets-sheet Filed Sept. 22, 1922 ATTORNY wir 55 thinner portions of the hair growth.

Patented Ilan. 18, 11,927. Y'

UNiTEDl STATES CHARLES G: NESSLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR.

Application led September 22, 1922. Serial No. 589,744.

\This invention relates generally to apparatus for curling or waving hair. v .In the art of the so-called permanent wavin j of hair as heretofore known it hasv and moistened coveringl has then been in-l serted in a non-metallic tube to which heat was externally applied'for a suiiicient time to penetrate through the wrapping and to heat and soften the hair strand and cause it to assume in more or less permanent form, the waved formation by which it was characterized when coiled within the tube. Although the described method of hairy treatment has one into extensive use, it is o 'en to a num r of objections. The relatively thick' com osition envelopes` or pads in which the coi s were enclose before insertion in the tubes, required the use of a yrelatively considerable amount of water vin order-'to properly moisten the borax contained therein and to this was added the water of crystallization of the borax which is released when heatisdapplied. The result was that an excessive uantity of heated water and steam was pro uced in the tube. This liquid was not only diiiicult to control and restrain from escaping from the tube 35 into scalding contact with theiheadA of the customer, but a substantial period of time was required to heat the coil of hair through the resisting heat insulating layer provided by the thick bag or pad as well as to bring 40 the relatively large quantity of water and borax to the required tem erature. The excessive time thus consume is not onl "wasteful but it is a considerable source o annoyance and discomfort to the person whose hair is being treated.

f An additional disadvantage of the apparatus -used in prior methods has consisted in the use of a uniform and standard size of coil receiving tube, the fixed size being 60 such that each tube was adapted to receive the largest size lock or strand likely to `be treated and was substantially larger than was required for the treatment of numerous shorter and smaller locks formed i of `the The use of at container tube having both a greater diameter and a greater length than the size of the contained coil resulted in a wasteful expenditure of energy and time in s bringing the contents of the tube to the ie- '60 quired degree of temperature, because ofthe heat insulating effect of the 'unfilled air spaces within the tube.

It is the general object of the present invention to provide hair waving apparatus 05 which will be free from the objections referred to. f

The invention includes the provision of coil container tubes of various sizesin order to provide tubes relatively closely fitted to the individual coils. This results in the substantial elimination of air space between the coils and the inner surfaces of the enclosing tubes. I still further facilitate the carrying out of the coil heating -o eration b doing away with the relatively t ick pads or their equivalent which have heretofore been used. Instead the moistened coils are inserted,into the tubes either without covering of any character or each coil is wra ed with a strip of moistened fabric or like material which o iers ne ligible resistance to the passage -of heat t erethrough from the tube to the coiled strand being treated.

In` a preferred form of the invention the coil covering stri s are impregnated with a suitable hair so ening material in liquid form and then dried for convenient preservation and storage. When about to be used a covering strip containing the softening agent incorporated therein in the form of a relatively imperceptible dry deposit, is

moistened in a measured amount of water or other solvent, a portion of which may be used to directly moisten the .coiled hair itself. The moistened strip, wrung out to avoid the use of .an excessive amount of ymoisture in the tube, is then wracpped in larger bore of the heater by an ing sizes until the strand of hair is fitted, or

la single tube approximately the size of the strand and held in. place in the relatively suitable holding means. In addition suita le means are employed for adapting the length of the container chamber to the length of the Wound strand.

In the drawings in which a number of embodiments of the invention have been selected for illustration,

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a hair Waving device embodying the invention, l

Figure 2 is a view partly in section and artly in elevation of the device shown in itgure 1 and showing the use of an adapter tu e. v

Figure 3 is a view partly in section and partly in sideelevation of a core member. on which a lock of hair is wound for treatment.

Figure 4 is a view in side elevation of a modified form of core member.

Figure 5 is a view in longitudinal section of an adapter tube forming part of the invention. Y

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a modified form of core member and end closure member.

Figure 7 is an end View of the device shown in Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a view in perspective of the closure device shown in Figure 6.

Figure 9 is a view in sidev elevation of a heater device equipped with a modified form of end closure means.

Figure 10 is a view in section of the end portion of a heater device equipped with still another form of closure means.

Figure 11 is an end view of thev device shown in Figure 1() in open and closed positions.

Figure 12 is a view in side elevation of the closure means shown in Figures l0 and 11.

Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 ot still another form of closure.

Figure 14 is a view in section of the end of a heater device equipped with the closure member shown in Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a view of a modified form of the invention sho-Wing a'standard size heater and relatively smaller heater tube.

Figure 16 is a view of the device shown in l Figure 15 in disassembled relation.

'Referring to the drawings for a nl ore detailed description of the invention, 1n Fig- A ure 1 is shown a hair-waving device embodying the invention and including a core member 10 about which a strand of hair 11 may be coiled to provide a waved formation of the hair. A tubular heater tube 12 having its inner diameter substantially' equal to the external diameter of the wound strand of hair is adapted to have the strand 11 supported by the core member 10 inserted therein. The coiled strand 11 may have a strip of flannel or other flexible sheet material 13 Wound thereabout in enclosing relation to prevent actual contact ofthe strand with the inner surface of the heater tube 12 if desired.

The core members 10 are preferably formed in variable lengths to correspond to the different lengths of the hair strands to be treated and are provided with terminal members 14 closely fitting the internal diameter of the heater tubes to thereby form a strand-receiving chamber in the tube closely approximating the length of the coiled strand. The other` end of the strand supporting member 10 is preferably slotted as at 15 to provide means for conveniently attaching the member l0 to the strand through the use ofa section of cord 16 which is ti'ed in place around the strand and through the slot.

The heater tube 12 may be fitted permanently or removably in place in the bore of a heating device 17 supplied with an electrical heating coil 18 having connection as at 19 with asource of current. The heating device 17 is preferably supplied with a hollow cool handle member 20 and manually movable handle members 21 which. form extensions of arms 22 fulcrumed at 23 and carry gate or closure members 24 adapted to cooperate with the end of the heater tube adjacentl the scalp of the customer to open or close the tube7 and grip the lock or strand of hair and hold the heater in place thereon. The closure members 24 may be covered with felt or other non-heat conducting material and felt sleeves 25 may be fitted to the ends of the tubes 12 to prevent discomfort to the customer by application of the heated tubes to the hair adjacent the scalp.

In Figure 2 of the drawings, the use ot' an inner heater tube 2G is shown in order to tit the internal diameter ot the heater tube to the external diameter ot' the coiled strand. The tube 26 closely tits the internal diameter of the main heater tube 12 and may itself receive one or more tubes fitted into each other to fit the coiled strand and reduce to a minimum the air space' surrounding the coil within the tube. In Figure 5 is shown one of the adapter tubes used for this purpose. Y

In Figure 4 of the drawing is shown a modified form of strand supporting member 27 which is substantially longer than the member 10, and instead of being provided with the terminal member or button 14 is provided with a stop or plug member adapted to be moved along the rod 27 to adjust the length of the strand receiving chamber in the tube to the length of the lcoiled strand received thereon.

strand.

There is also shdwn in this figure and in Figures 7 and 8` a modified form of tube .closure or gate. This closure takes the and carrying the gate members 33 at theirl outer and free ends. Normally the vspring form of twoV spring members 31 attached at one extremity as at 32 to the heater tube 12 members 31 tend to hold the gate members in their separated or open position as indicated in Figure 8 of the drawings. A ring'member 34 having an elliptical formation may be turned to bring its-sliort axis into closing engagement with the spring members 31 as in Figure 7 or with its long axis alined with thespring members to permit the gate members to open, as in Figthe tube.

ure 8.

-InFigure 9' of the drawings, a tube closure device is shown which is similar to the one shown in Figure2 except for the disposition of the handle members 21 and an overlapping relation "of the te members 24 to provide an effective liquid-tight closure for One side of one end of the tube 12 is preferably cut away4 to provide a seat for the underlying gate member 24 at the left as shown in t is figure.

In Figures 10, 11 Yand 12 there is shown another `form ofclosure means in which the gate members 35 are hinged together at 36. A clip member 37 carried by one of the gate `members 35 is arranged to clasp a wall of the tube 12 and holgl the closure in place on the end thereof.

In Figures V13 and 14 is shown .still another form of gate or-closure in which the gate members 38 are each provided with a clip member 39 having projecting stems 40 adapted to be inserted inside the end of the tube-l2 to hold the closure closed an/d in place. .a Y

In Figure 15 of the drawings there is -f shown a heater device 41 of a relatively with Yt e heat- 44 on the exposed end of the tube forms a convenient cool handle. Any form of clos,- ure device as the gate members 33 maybe used4 to seal the scalp-engaging end of the tube. A suitable cap or plug 45 may be used to seal the opposite end of the heater tubes shown in the various figures of the drawings.

My present improvements are particularly adapted for the process of permanent waving of natural hair on the human head, and they serve to materially shorten the time heretofore required 1in this Work and also to greatly lessen the discomforts which the sub'ect has heretofore necessarily been require to undergo. My improvements also minimize the chances of injuring or `iniparing the hair structure, which impairment is likely to occur in the heretofore practiced processes.

What I claim is 1. In hair waving apparatus, a support for a wound hair-strand, a hair strand heater tube formed of heat conducting material and having an internal diameter' substantially equal to the external diameter of the strand to be treated therein, and having its internal length adjustable to agree substantially with the length of wound'strand when mounted thereon, said length adjusting means being arranged upon said support.

2. In hair waving apparatus, a heatertube and a set of hair-strand adapter tubes each having different internal dimensions whereby strands of vdifferent sizescan be fitted to selected heater tubes of corresponding size. j

'3. In hair Waving apparatus, a heatertube, a plurality of adapter tubes having diiferent internal dimensions adapted to be selected to closely fit strands of correspond- `v substantially fit strands of a certain size,

and^a series of adapter tubes of smaller size arranged to be placed within the heater tube to fit wound strands of smaller size.

5. In hair waving apparatus, a strand heater tubes having a certain length, a support for the wound hair-strands and means carried by said su port and insertible in the tube and adjustable axially thereof to regulate the lengtligof the strand receiving chamber inthe tube and closely fit the same when so adjusted.

6. In hair waving apparatus, a strand heater tube having an internal diameter to substantial] lit strands of a certain outside diameter, apter tubes arranged to be fitted wit in the heater tube to fit strands of smaller `ameter, and capable of being nested in operation, na support for the wound hairstrand, and plug means mounted on said support and for sealing the tube and adjustlll) lli

able longitudinally of the adapter tubes to regulate the len h of the strand receiving chamber to seal 1t to accord with the length of the strand.

7. In hair Waving apparatus, a heater tube adapted to receive a strand of hair to be treated, an elongated member adapted to have a strand of hair attached thereto at one end and to have the strand coiled thereon for treatment, and adjustable means carried within the heatertube by the elongated member a't the free end of the supported strand for closing the tube at a selected point therein to form the end of a st-rand receiving chamber.

8. In hair Waving apparatus, al heater tube adapted to receive a'. strand of hair to be treated, an elongated member adapted to have a strand of hair attached thereto at one end and to ha've the strand coiled thereon for treatment, and means carried by the elongated member for closing the tube to form the end of a strand receiving chamber, said tube closing means being movable along the elongated member to form the chamber end at the end of the strand.

9. In hair Waving apparatus including a heater tube, closure means for the end of the tubevcomprislng pivotally connected members, constructed and arranged s0 as to provide a substantially central opening through which a strand of -hair may pass into said heater tube, one of said members being provided with a clip having spring actuated clamping means for mounting the closure mans in operative position on said heater tu e.

10. In hair waving apparatus including a heater tube, closure means for the end of the tube comprising pivotally connected members constructed and arranged so as to provide an opening through which a strand of hair may pass into Said tube, one of said members being provided with spring jaws for engaging the wall of the tube at the end to hold the closure in operative position.

11; In hair Waving apparatus including a heater tube, closure means for the inner end of said tube comprising pivotally connected 'members constructed and arranged so as to provide an opening for the passage therethrough of a strand of hair, one of said members being provided with spring jaws comprisin a strip of resilient metal doubled twice on itself with one free end anchored to one of said members and the other free end acting as a spring jaw for engaging the wall of said tube to hold the closure in place. Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this fifteenth day of September A. D. 1922.

CHARLES G. NESSLER. 

